Sabbath

God need to rest one day after 6-days work and feel delighted.

Rest-year sabbatical
For more details on this topic, see Sabbatical.
From the Biblical Sabbatical Year came the modern concept of sabbatical, a prolonged, often one-year, hiatus in the career of an individual (not usually tied to a seven-year period). Such a period is often taken in order to fulfill some goal such as writing a book or traveling extensively for research. Some universities and other institutional employers of scientists, physicians, or academics offer paid sabbatical as an employee benefit, called "sabbatical leave"; some companies offer unpaid sabbatical for people wanting to take career breaks.


Sabbath
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Contents [hide]
1 Biblical tradition
1.1 Sabbath as day
1.2 Sabbath as week
1.3 Annual Sabbaths
1.4 Seventh-year Sabbatical
2 Jewish tradition
2.1 Weekly Sabbath
2.2 Weekend Sabbath
3 Christian tradition
3.1 First-day Sabbath
3.2 Seventh-day Sabbath
3.3 Monthly Sabbath
3.4 Annual Sabbath
3.5 Millennial Sabbath
4 Other religious traditions
4.1 Babylonian rest days
4.2 Buddhist rest day
4.3 Sabbath as Saturday
4.4 Islamic rest day
4.5 Wiccan sabbat
4.6 Bahá'í weekend
4.7 Unification Sabbath
5 Secular traditions
5.1 Rest day in seven-day weeks
5.2 Rest day in other weeks
5.3 Work day in seven-day weeks
5.4 Annual rest days
5.5 Rest-year sabbatical
For other uses, see Sabbath (disambiguation).
Sabbath or a sabbath is generally a weekly day of rest and/or time of worship that is observed in Abrahamic religions and other faiths. Many viewpoints and definitions have arisen over the millennia. The term has been used to describe a similar weekly observance in any of several other traditions; the new moon; any of seven annual festivals in Judaism and some Christian traditions; any of eight annual festivals in Wicca (usually "sabbat"); an annual secular holiday; and a year of rest in religious or secular usage, originally every seventh year.
[edit]Biblical tradition

[edit]Sabbath as day
For more details on this topic, see Biblical Sabbath.
The term "Sabbath" derives from the Hebrew shabbat (שבת), "to cease", which was first used in the Biblical account of the seventh day of Creation (Genesis 2:2-3). Observation and remembrance of Sabbath is one of the Ten Commandments (the fourth in the original Jewish, the Eastern Orthodox, and most Protestant traditions, the third in Roman Catholic and Lutheran traditions). Most people who observe Biblical Sabbath regard it as having been instituted as a "perpetual covenant [for] the people of Israel" (Exodus 31:13-17), a sign in respect for the day during which God rested after having completed the Creation in six days (Exodus 20:8-11); Isaiah extends the term to include even corrupted rest-day traditions (Isaiah 1:13). Sabbath desecration was originally officially punishable by death (Exodus 31:15).

[edit]Sabbath as week
For more details on this topic, see Seven-day week.
By synecdoche (naming a part for the whole), the term "Sabbath" also came to mean simply a "se'nnight" or seven-day week in Jewish sources by the time of the Septuagint, namely, the interval between two Sabbaths. Jesus's parable of the Pharisee and the Publican describes the Pharisee as fasting "twice a week" (Greek dis tou sabbatou, literally, "twice of the Sabbath").
[edit]Annual Sabbaths
For more details on this topic, see High Sabbaths.
Seven annual Biblical festivals, called by the name miqra ("called assembly") in Hebrew and "High Sabbath" in English, serve as supplemental testimonies to the plan of Shabbat. These are recorded in the books of Exodus and Deuteronomy and do not necessarily occur on Shabbat. They are observed by Jews and a minority of Christians. Three of them occur in spring: the first and seventh days of Pesach (Passover), and Shavuot (Pentecost). Four occur in fall, in the seventh month, and are also called shabbaton: Rosh Hashanah (Trumpets); Yom Kippur, the "Sabbath of Sabbaths" (Atonement); and the first and eighth days of Sukkoth (Tabernacles).
[edit]Seventh-year Sabbatical
For more details on this topic, see Shmita.
The year of Shmita (Hebrew שמיטה, literally, "release"), also called the Sabbatical Year, is the seventh year of the seven-year agricultural cycle mandated by the Torah for the Land of Israel. During Shmita, the land is to be left to lie fallow and all agricultural activity—including plowing, planting, pruning, and harvesting—is forbidden by Torah law. In traditional interpretation, other cultivation techniques—such as watering, fertilizing, weeding, spraying, trimming, and mowing—may be performed as preventative measures only, not to improve the growth of trees or plants; additionally, any fruits which grow of their own accord are deemed ownerless and may be picked by anyone, and a variety of laws apply to the sale, consumption, and disposal of Shmita produce. A second aspect of Shmita concerns debts and loans: when the year ends, personal debts are considered nullified and forgiven. In similar fashion, the Torah required a slave who had worked for six years to go free in the seventh year.